黎语方言的语音交替现象

The Mutation in Li Dialect

黎语研究的难点之一是黎语方言中存在着复杂的语音交替现象。文章详细分析了黎语方言各种语音交替现象,并构拟了与此相关的共同黎语的古音值。经过对这些古音值的研究认为,没有分裂前的共同黎语是一个没有声调、有着众多复辅音声母和多个复辅音韵尾的语言。在黎语方言分裂后,声调各自产生。鉴于方言分裂的这种情况,不能把所有的黎语方言都放在一个平面上来处理,文章进而提出设想:从黎族的民族成分考虑,黎语方言应该分为两个大方言(东南方言和中央方言)、两个次方言和四个土语群;若只从语言方面考虑,可以将加茂方言分离为一个独立的黎语支语言,称为“达泰语”,黎语方言只包括杞、侾、美孚和闰(本地)方言四种方言,这样可以解释由于加茂话的加入造成的黎语许多复杂而多歧的现象。

This paper carefully examines phonetic mutation in Li Dialect, and reconstructs the corresponding ancient value. The paper argues that there ought to be many initials as well as finals with consonant clusters. When Li Dialect divides, each tone system comes into being. Based on this hypothesis, the paper further concludes that Li Dialect should be divided into two main dialects, two subordinate dialects and four local ones that Jia Mao dialect is supposed to be an independent language owing to its being an independent system.