新型储粮保护剂硅藻土对2种重要储粮害虫的防治效果初报

Study on Controlling the Two Stored-grain Insect Pests with a New Type Grain Protectant-Diatomaceous Earth

为了探索硅藻土防治储粮害虫的经济有效剂量、防治方法和条件等,本方设计了不同温度和湿度组合,不同的硅藻土剂量分别对生活在小麦和稻谷中的谷蠹和长角扁谷盗的毒力试验,结果表明:在相同的条件下(1)硅藻土对小麦的防护优于对稻谷的防护。(2)在25℃时对谷蠹的防效高于30℃的防效,对长角扁谷盗则相反。(3)硅藻土的防治效果随着相对湿度的降低而提高。(4)长角扁谷盗对硅藻土的敏感度是谷蠹的5￣6倍。在应用时从经济、有效的原则考虑,建议防治以谷蠹为主要害虫的储粮时以400mg/kg的剂量,防治长角扁谷盗时则以70mg/kg即可。

In order to find out the economical and efficient doses, controlling approach and conditions that diatomaceous earth （DE） control to stored-grain insect pests, the virulences of the DE to Rhizophertha dominica and Cryptolestes pusillus that lived in paddy and wheat were tested at the different temperatures, relative humidities and dosages of the DE in the lab, and on the basis of the test, the controlling effects of the DE to the stored-grain pests under the different conditions were analyzed. The results showed that in the same conditions ：（1） The effect of the DE protecting wheat is prior to paddy, （2） The controlling effect of the DE to R.dominica at 25℃ was better than at 30℃, but that of the DE to C.pusillus was contrary, （3） The controlling effect of the DE against R.dominica and C.pusillus increased along with relative humidity decreasing, （4） C.pusillus adults are about five to six times more sensitive to the DE than R.dominica. R. dominica are controlled very well with 400mg/kg when the DE is applied in practice, but C. pusillus with70mg/kg ,