小麦抗源Holdfast和Flinor抗条锈病主效、微效基因的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Major and Minor Gene(s) Resistant to Stripe Rust in Resource Wheat Cultivars Holdfast and Flinor

【目的】Holdfast、Flinor是国际上已经报道在生产上具有持久抗条锈性表现的小麦品种,在成株期对中国条中29、30、31号小种表现出免疫或近免疫的抗性水平。【方法】本文采用常规杂交分析和潜育期变温处理方法,分别在常温(昼18℃/夜10℃)和高温(昼24℃/夜15℃)两种温域下,对其主效和微效抗条锈病基因进行遗传分析。【结果】品种Flinor中至少含有1显1隐2对主效和2对温敏微效抗条锈基因,Holdfast中至少含有2对显性主效和2对温敏微效抗条锈基因。主效基因均互补控制其抗条锈性,微效基因呈隐性,具累加效应,受高温诱导表达,控制中度抗性水平。【结论】Flinor和Holdfast均含有全生育期主效抗条锈病基因和对高温敏感的微效抗条锈基因,建议在抗病育种中加以有效利用,并提供了温敏微效抗条锈基因的快捷检测方法。

[Objective] Two wheat （Triticum aestivum） cultivars, Holdfast and Flinor, were reported to be durably resistant to stripe rust （Puccinia striiformis）. They were immune or nearly immune to the races CY29, CY30 and CY31 ofPuccinia striiformis at adult stage. [MethodlIn this work, we analyzed their inheritance of major and minor resistance （R） genes through making cross. The resistance analysis was developed at two temperature models, the normal temperature model： 18℃ during the day and 10℃ at night, and the high temperature model： 24℃ during the day and 15℃ at night. [Result] Flinor has at least two major R genes, one dominant and another recessive, plus two temperature-sensitive minor R genes. Holdfast has two dominant major R genes and two temperature-sensitive minor R genes. The major R genes are complementarily, whereas the minor R genes are recessive. High temperature induced and dominated moderate resistance to stripe rust in an additive fashion. [Conclusion] Both Flinor and Holdfast have major R gene along the whole growth duration and temperature-sensitive minor R gene. The study suggests that two cultivars be utilized in wheat resistance breeding. In addition, a rapid identification method was developed for a temperature-sensitive minorR gene.