比较优势结构与开放型棉产业发展——我国棉花贸易政策面临十字路口选择

Between the Structure with Comparative Advantage and the Growth of Open-door-type Cotton Industry

如何看待近年我国棉花进口量大幅增长?如何看待现行棉花进口配额和滑准税管制方法利弊?依据对我国棉花产量、劳动生产率、植棉收入、纺织业增长及其就业效应的考察,本文认为近年棉花进口较快增长是我国开放型棉业快速发展的必要条件,具有经济合理性。棉花进口配额比较缺乏效率,滑准税干预需要政府确定国内目标价也存在理论和操作面问题。本文还在分析国内外棉价一体化要求基础上提出棉花贸易政策调整思路。

How to regard the large growth in recent years in China's import of cotton? How to view the merits and drawbacks of the existing control methods regarding the cotton import quota and sliding duties? In light of our probe into China's cotton yield,labor productivity,cotton farmers' income,the growth of cotton textiles and its job creation effect,we think that the surge in China's import of cotton in recent years has been the necessary condition for the rapid growth of China's opening-type of cotton industry,and that this surge is rational in economy.The policy for the cotton import quota,however,is inefficient;that that the intervention with sliding duties needs the government to fix domestic target prices is facing theoretic and operational problems.In this paper,we have,on the basis of analyzing the requirement for the integration of prices both at home and abroad,offered our thought on the adjustment of policies for cotton trade.