高浓度CO_2对紫星凤梨光合作用和生长发育的影响

Effect of Elevated CO_2 Concentration on Photosynthesis, Gowth and Deve-lopment of Guzmania‘Luna’

研究了塑料温室内CO2加富对紫星凤梨叶片净光合速率(Pn)、植株生长、光合酶活性和花期的影响。结果表明:CO2加富提高了紫星凤梨净光合速率,CO2(600±40)μmol·mol-1处理90d时,紫星凤梨叶片的净光合速率比对照增加了26·18%,CO2(900±40)μmol·mol-1处理则增加了43·49%,但CO2加富使叶片的气孔导度与蒸腾速率下降。CO2加富提高了其生长速率,CO2(600±40)μmol·mol-1处理90d时,紫星凤梨叶面积、株高比对照分别增加了15·01%和11·12%,CO2(900±40)μmol·mol-1处理分别增加了18·99%,16·98%。此外,CO2加富促进了紫星凤梨叶片中可溶性糖和淀粉积累,降低了乙醇酸氧化酶活性,提前了紫星凤梨花期。

The effects of CO2 enrichment on net photosynthetic rate （ Pn）, growth, photosynthetic enzyme activity and flowering of Guzmania ‘Luna＇ were studied in plastic greenhouse. The results showed that CO2 enrichment caused obviously increase in Pn. Pn was increased by 26. 18%, 43.49% in treatment of CO2 （600 ± 40） μmol ·mol^ -1, （ 900± 40） μmol · mol^-1 as compared with control [ CO2 concentration was （ 360 ± 30） μmol · mol^- 1], respectively, when treated 90 d. Stomata conductance and transpiratory rate of Guzman/a ‘Luna＇ were reduced by CO2 enrichment. But the leaf area and plant height were increased by 15.01%, 11.12% in treatment of CO2 （600±40） μmol· mol^-1 , and 18.99%, 16. 98% in CO2 （900± 40） μmol ·mol^-1 when treated for 90 d. In addition, the accumulation of soluble sugar and starch were promoted, but the activity of glycolate oxidase was apparently decreased by CO2 enrichment, respectively, flowering of Guzmania ‘ Luna＇ was also promoted.