水蜜桃品种间果香成分的固相微萃取—气质联用分析

Solid Phase Microextraction-GC-MS Analysis of Fruit Aroma Components of Peach Cultivars

采用固相微萃取—气质联用分析3个不同成熟期的水蜜桃品种‘北农’、‘白凤’和‘白花’果实的香气成分,分别检测出60、69和73种成分,各占总峰面积的94·41%、96·39%和96·11%。主要成分为酯类、醇类、醛类、内酯类化合物。各品种独有的成分,北农有8种,白凤有12种,白花有16种;共有的成分有43种。白凤的香气最浓郁,白花其次,而北农相对较淡。己烯醛、己烯醇的衍生物和内酯的含量可作为鉴定水蜜桃果实香气的重要指标。

The fruit aroma components in three mature periods of peach cultivars ‘ Beinong＇ ‘Baifeng＇ and ‘Baihua＇ were extracted by solid phase microextraction （SPME） combined with GC-MS. The results showed that there were 60, 69 and 73 aroma components in the three cultivars, representing 94. 41%, 96. 39% and 96. 11% of the total peak area, respectively. Esters, alcohols, aldehydes, and lactones were the major constituents. It was also found that ‘ Beinong＇ ,‘ Baifeng＇ and ‘ Baihua＇ had 8, 12 and 16 unique components, respectively. All 43 constituents were found common in the three cuhivars. The results indicated that the aroma of‘ Baifeng＇ was the strongest, then was ‘ Baihua＇ , and ‘Beinong＇ was the weakest. The contents of hexenal, hexenol derivatives and lactones could be used for identification of peach fruit aroma as important quality indexes.