试论日本中小学数学教学研究形态——兼论日本中小学数学教学模式

Discuss on Mathematical Teaching Research Modality of High School and Primary School in Japan

日本的中小学数学教学研究形态及其特征为:“学习指导案”的设计是数学教学研究的开端,也是数学教学研究的关键环节;数学教学研究的成长是从职前教育一直延续到终身教育,它具有“圈子”的团队精神、传承性、可持续性和系统性、广泛的民间基础等;日本中小学数学教师的教学研究策略包括8个步骤.日本的课堂教学一般分为5个阶段:复习已学过的课程,提出当天要解决的问题,学生独立或小组合作,讨论解决方法,赞扬或总结主要观点.日本的数学教育工作者非常重视数学教育研究的实践性,几乎每个中小学数学教师都有自己长期研究的课题和计划。

Mathematical teaching research modality and pattern of high school and primary school in Japan were discussed in detail. There were three aspects would be discussed. The first was mathematical teaching research modality and characteristic of high school and primary school in Japan. （1） the design of ＂teaching plan＂ was the outset of mathematical teaching research, which was the key of mathematical teaching research; （2） the development of mathematical teaching research was from pre-service education to life-long education, it had three remarkable characteristics, namely, spirit of group, inherit, systemic and broad civilian basics; （3） the eight steps of teaching strategy of mathematical teachers of high school and primary school in Japan. Second, internal relation and its characteristic between mathematical teaching research and classroom pattern were discussed. Third, mathematical educational experience and thought ways in Japan offered beneficial enlightenment to us.