汉魏易学发展的理论结晶：《周易正义》——学术及政治视野下的创作动因审视

On the compilation of Zhou yi zheng yi

唐初著名经学家、易学家孔颖达奉诏撰定的《周易正义》,是对自《易传》成书以来两汉魏晋南北朝及隋代千百年来易学演变所进行的一次全面、系统的理论总结与发展,是对汉魏以来象数易学与义理易学的承继、超越与创新,是汉魏易学发展的一部理论结晶之作．这部在易学及易学哲学史上具有划时代意义的易学名著的得以问世,乃根源于其特定历史时期的学术及政治背景．本文将对其学术及政治视野下的创作历史动因,加以审视与考察．总括言之,可析为三个方面：一,学术与政治走向统一的历史必然产物；二、立足王注、倡导义理的时代必然选择；三,博取众家、熔于一炉的学术必然归宿．

Complied by Kong Ying-da under an edict enacted by Emperor Tai of Tang （r. 627-650）, Zhou yi zheng yi （Rectifications of the Meanings of Zhouyi） was a systematic theoretic summary and development of the Yi studies from the Han （206 B.C. to 25 A. D. ） to Sui （581-618） dynasties, As a crystallized compilation of the Yi studies from the Han to Sui dynasties, it inherited, surpassed and renovated both the thought of image-number school and meaning-pattern school. This epoch-making work owes its publication to the particular academic and political background of the time. This paper examines its historical motive for the compilation under the particular academic and political vision in three aspects： （1） it was an inevitable result from the history when academy and politics reached to unity; （2） it was an inevitable choice by the time when the meaning-pattern was emphasized; （3） it was an inevitable destination of academy which adopted thoughts of various schools and integrated them into one.