人为干扰对长白山红松针阔叶混交林粗木质残体的影响

Effect of Human Disturbance on Coarse Woody Debris in Korean Pine and Broad-Leaved Mixed Forest on Changbai Mountain

研究人为干扰(森林采伐)对长白山红松针阔叶混交林(天然林和择伐林)粗木质残体的影响。结果表明天然林和择伐林的粗木质残体平均材积分别为78.88和41.7m3.hm-2;天然林粗木质残体大部分径级2～40cm,其中倒木、枯立木和伐桩分别占总材积的94%、5.8%和0.2%,择伐林粗木质残体大部分径级11～50cm,其中倒木、枯立木和伐桩分别占总材积的41%、4%和55%。天然林和择伐林粗木质残体的覆盖面积分别为376.2和189.3m2.hm-2;天然林和择伐林倒木腐烂级为E的倒木分别占33.5%和14%。择伐活动明显减少了森林倒木的数量。为促使采伐后的森林能维持原始林粗木质残体的结构特征,现行的森林管理措施应进行必要的调整。

This study investigated the effects of human disturbance （selection cutting） on coarse woody debris （CWD） in Korean Pine and broad-leaved mixed forest on Changbai Mountain. The forests were classified into two categories according to disturbance history： natural forest and selection cutting forest. The average volumes of CWD were 78.88m^3·hm^-2 in natural forest and 41.7 m^3·hm^-2 in selection cutting forest, respectively. In natural forest, 94% of the volume of CWD consisted of fallen logs, 5.8 % of standing dead trees and 0.2 % of cut stumps. Most of the volume of CWD belonged to 2 - 40 cm diameter class. In selection cutting forest, 55% of the volume of CWD consisted of cut stumps, 41% of fallen logs, 4% of stand standing dead tree, Most of the volume of CWD belonged to 11 - 50 cm diameter class. Covered areas of CWD in natural forest and selective cutting forest were 376.2 and 189.3 m^2· hm^-1 respectively. Percentage of fallen logs in E decay class of natural forest and selective cutting were 33.5% and 14% respectively. Selection cutting method reduced fallen logs considerably. To retain the natural forest characteristics of CWD, management strategy should be reconsidered in managing forest.