油田水中有害微生物分析及防治

Analysis and Control of Harmful Microbe in Oilfield Water

针对油田水中3种有害微生物(硫酸盐还原菌、铁细菌、腐生菌),阐述了测试瓶绝迹稀释法和培养-镜检法两种测定方法的优缺点。培养-镜检法,依据SRB菌、TGB菌和IB菌在生物显微镜下的不同形状、形态即可进行快速测定。并介绍了硫酸盐还原菌、铁细菌、腐生菌的性状,剖析其危害及腐蚀机理,提出了几种行之有效的防治方法:采用微生物防治法、抑制腐蚀菌营养和生长的条件、紫外线照射和超声波处理、采用杀菌剂等方法。快速准确地测定出有害微生物含量,及时采取措施有效地控制其生长和繁殖,避免或减少其危害,对油田生产具有非常重要的现实意义。

Aiming at the three harmful microbes (sulfate reducing bacteria, iron bacteria and saprophytic bacteria) within oilfield water, this paper illustrates disadvantage and advantage of the two testing methods including checker vanishing dilution method and culture microscope check. Culture microscope check method can perform fast test in light of different shapes and forms of SRB, TGB and IB under the biomicroscope. The behaviors of RB, TGB and IB as well as their harm and corruption mechanism have been discussed, proving several practical control methods, for example, microbe control method, restrain to corrosion bacteria nourishment and growth condition , ultraviolet radiation, ultrasonic treatment and bactericidal agent etc. , To quickly and accurately determine the volume of harmful microbe, and to timely and effectively adopt measurements for the control of their growth and reproduction, so as to avoid or decrease the microbial hazard , can be of significance for oilfield production.