莲花湖库区水源涵养林林地产流产沙分析

Analysis on Runoff and Sediment Yields of Water Conservation Forests in Lianhua Lake Reservoir Area

对莲花湖库区主要植被类型红松林、兴安落叶松林、杂木林和荒草地土壤物理性状及渗透性能进行了研究,结果表明,各林型土壤最大蓄水量依次为落叶松林>杂木林>红松林>荒草地;土壤非毛管蓄水量依次为落叶松林>红松林>杂木林>荒草地。林地土壤初渗速率和稳渗速率均显著高于荒草地。以坡面径流观测场为观测手段,分析了4个径流小区产流产沙与降雨因子的相关关系,结果表明,场降雨产流量和产沙量与降雨量和雨强均呈良好的相关关系。林地与荒草地的降雨产流产沙差异显著,说明林地具有较好的保持水土功能。

It researched on the physical condition and infiltration performance for various major forest types （ Pinus koraiensis, Larix grnelinii , and weed trees）, and waste grassland in Lianhua Lake reservoir area. The results showed that the declined order of maximum water storage was Larch 〉weed trees〉Korean pine〉waste grassland ; the declined order of non-capillary porosity was Larch, Korean pine, weed trees, waste grassland. The soil infiltration rate in forest land was obviously higher than that in waste grassland. By using runoff plots, this paper discussed the correlation between runoff generation and sediment generation and interception factor in 4 runoff plots. The results showed that runoff generation yield and sediment yield generation had a significant correlation with rainfall and its intensity. Forest land and waste grassland had obvious runoff generation yield and sediment generation yield, this indicated that forest land had better function in water and soil conservation than waste grassland.