采煤塌陷对风沙区土壤理化性质影响的研究

Influence of Mining Subsidence on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil in Windy Desert Area

为了研究采煤塌陷对风沙区土壤理化性质的影响，为干旱和半干旱风沙区采煤塌陷地的复垦工作提供理论依据，本文运用土壤学基本理论和方法，测定，计算了毛乌素沙地东南缘补连塔煤矿塌陷区和非塌陷区的土壤机械组成、容重、孔隙度、田间持水量、饱和导水率和养分等指标。方差分析结果表明：与非塌陷区相比，塌陷沙丘物理性粘粒含量明显减少，尤其地表10cm处；塌陷沙丘顶部和中部土壤容重和孔隙度没有明显变化，而沙丘底部和丘间低地土壤容重明显降低，孔隙度明显增大；塌陷沙丘0～40cm内土壤容重和孔隙度无明显变化，但40～100cm内土壤容重明显减少，孔隙度明显增加；塌陷沙丘0～60cm深度内田间持水量明显降低；0～60cm内饱和导水率没有发生明显变化；0～100cm内的全氮、全磷和全钾含量无明显变化。

In order to reveal the influence of mining subsidence on physical and chemical properties of soil, provide scientific theories for land reclamation of windy desert area in Arid and Semi-arid Regions, here measures and figures out the soil mechanical composition, bulk density, soil porosity, field water-holding capacity, saturated conductivity and nutrient of subsidence area and no-subsidence area in Bulanta mining area that lies in southeast Mu Us Sandland using basic principles and methods of Soil Science. The result of anova shows, the physical clay con- tent of sinking dune,especially in the 10 cm of surface, significantly decreases; bulk density and soil porosity of top and middle in sinking dune is not significantly different, however, bulk density of bottom and depression in sinking dune significantly decreases, soil porosity of bottom and depression in sinking dune significantly increases; bulk density and soil porosity from 0 to 40 cm is not significantly different, but bulk density from 40 to 100 cm significantly decreases, soil porosity from 40 to 100 cm significantly increases; field water-holding capacity from 0 to 60 cm significantly decreases; saturated conductivity from 0 to 60 cm is not significantly different; total nitrogen, total potassium and total phosphorus from 0 to 100 cm is not significantly different.