微波和超声波对人牙齿脱钙效果的比较研究

Comparison of effects of microwave and ultrasonic wave on tooth decalcification

目的比较微波、超声波和二者联合应用对人牙齿的脱钙效果。方法将3对双尖牙制成12个试件,分别应用微波、超声波、联合波和常规方法,在室温下用10％乙二胺四乙酸二钠脱钙。通过检测脱钙残液中钙离子浓度,评价不同方法、不同时间的脱钙效果,电镜下观察脱钙后牙片表面结构变化。结果不同脱钙方法的脱钙效果明显不同,组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=1 136．52,P<0．01)。联合波组脱钙残液中,钙离子浓度分别高于微波组、超声组和常规组(q=21．94、51．51、78．90,P<0．01),且脱钙均匀;微波组钙离子浓度高于超声组和常温组(q=29．57、56．96,P<0．01),但脱钙均匀程度不如超声组;超声组高于常温组(q=27．39,P< 0．01),常温组表面脱钙最不均匀;微波、超声波、联合波和常规方法各组组内不同时间脱钙效果比较,差异有统计学意义(F=43．16、16．70、33.35、59．78,P<0．01)。结论微波超声法联合应用,能缩短人牙脱钙时间、使牙齿表面脱钙相对均匀,是一种快速有效的牙齿脱钙方法;单纯应用微波或超声方法脱钙,效果亦优于常规方法。

Objective To compare of the effect of the different decalcified methods （microwave, ultrasound and microwave-ultrasound） on human tooth tissue. Methods 12 specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups, three of which were treated with microwave, ultrasound and microwave-ultrasound respectively, and the remaining one served as a control group at room temperature. The concentration of calcium ion in the decalcifying solution was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer. The changes of the specimen＇s surface were observed under electron microscope. Results The effects of decalcification were significantly different among groups （F = 1 136.52,P 〈 0.01 ）. The microwave-ultrasonic method was more efficient than microwave, ultrasonic and traditional methods （q = 21.94,51.51,78.90,P 〈 0.01 ）. The concentration of calcium ion of microwave group was respectively higher than that of ultrasonic group and control group （q = 29.57,56.96 ,P 〈 0.01 ）, with the value of control group lower than that of ultrasonic group（q = 27.39,P 〈 0.01 ）. Microwave-ultrasound and microwave resulted in more even decalcification than other methods. The concentration of calcium of in all the groups varied significantly along with the times （F = 43.16,16.70,33.35,59.78,P 〈 0.01）. Condusiorts The microwave- ultrasonic method efficiently and reliably decalcifies human teeth, which can shorten the decalcifying time and evenly decalcify the surface of teeth. Both microwave and ultrasonic methods overmatch traditional method.