贵州省鼠疫防治健康教育干预试点效果评估

Evaluation of the effect of health education on controlling plague

目的评估贵州省鼠疫疫源乡镇目标人群健康教育干预的效果。方法调查试点乡镇开展鼠疫防治知识宣传教育活动情况,问卷调查目标人群鼠疫防治知识的知晓率和灭鼠行为正确率,了解构建基层疫情报告网络情况和干预后预防性灭鼠的效果。结果干预后,目标人群鼠疫防治和疫情“三报”知识的知晓率,村民为68．14％和83．33％,中小学生为84．13％和81．74％;灭鼠行为正确率,村民为88．73％,中小学生为72．17％;疫情报告率为83．33％、及时率为100％;大面积灭鼠的灭效为77．7％。结论在鼠疫疫源地区实施宣传鼠疫防治、疫情“三报”、科学灭鼠知识和建立基层疫情报告网络等干预措施后,可以增强群众参与鼠疫防治的自觉性和主动性,提高疫情报告的及时性,促进形成正确的灭鼠行为,有利于建立预防控制鼠疫的长效机制。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education intervention in plague epidemic areas in Guizhou Province. Methods After one year of propagation of the knowledge of plague prevention and control, the awareness of plague and the rate of correct way of exterminating rats were investigated in targeted population using a questionnaire method followed by an evaluation on the efficiency of the reporting network and health education. Results After intervention, the ratio of awareness of plague prevention and reporting plague suspicious cases were 68.14% and 83.33% in villagers and 84.13% and 81.74% in students in middle and primary school. The ratio of correct behavior of exterminating mouse was 88.73% in rural residents and 72.17% in school students. The ratio of reporting suspicious plague cases was 83.33% and the ratio of reporting cases on time 100%. The effectiveness of exterminating mouse in a large area was 77.7%. Conclusions Health education on plague prevention has inspired the population in epidemic area voluntarily and actively taking part in the prevention and control of plague, which has also promoted the people＇s correct behaviors of exterminating mouse.