吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶与免疫系统功能调节

Regulatory effect of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase on immune system

免疫应答受多种因素影响和调节,从而维持机体内环境的稳定。巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等抗原提呈细胞表达的吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶(Indoleam ine 2,3-d ioxygenase,IDO)清除局部微环境中的色氨酸,诱导T淋巴细胞的凋亡,通过调节性T细胞的作用抑制T细胞的克隆性增生,参于细胞免疫的调节;在机体维持正常的妊娠以及自身免疫性疾病、器官移植排斥反应、肿瘤等疾病的发生发展中起着重要作用。调控IDO的活性可能是寻找防治免疫相关性疾病药物的新途径。

The regulation of immune response is affected by several factors in order to maintain homeostasis. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase （IDO） is a tryptophancatabolizing enzyme expressed by different types of APC, including macrophages and dendritic cells. IDO activity leads to regulatory effects on T cells, which are mediated by tryptophan depletion in specific local tissue microenvironments, the production of proapoptotic metabolites, and inhibition of T-cell clone proliferationthrough regulatory T cells. IDO plays an important role in protecting the allogeneic fetus from rejection, the development of autoimmune diseases, allograft rejection, and cancer. So regulation of IDO activity may offer a novel drug-based strategy to treat immune-related diseases.