农村高血压患者社区干预效果评价

Evaluation on effect of community intervention on hypertension in rural area

目的研究社区干预对农村居民高血压知识知晓情况及患病情况的影响。方法随机抽取湖北省农村2个乡作为干预区和对照区,对干预区居民进行高血压健康教育,通过比较干预区和对照区居民对高血压知识的知晓情况及患病情况,评价干预效果。结果干预区居民对吸烟、酗酒、高盐及高胆固醇可致高血压的知晓率分别为27.72%,61.74%,80.38%及31.23%,而对照区居民相应的知晓率分别为0.37%,39.58%,34.86%及32.01%,干预区高血压防治知识的知晓率均高于对照区;对高血压控制措施认知情况进行分析,干预区居民的知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为68.26%,59.28%,20.96%,对照区居民则分别为42.31%,31.54%,6.15%,干预区高于对照区;2级以上的高血压患者规范服药率干预区略高于对照区(P=0.57),非药物治疗率干预区高于对照区(P<0.01)。结论采取以健康教育为主导,降低危险因素流行水平的社会干预措施是农村地区高血压防治的有效方法,应进一步推广。

Objective To study the effectiveness of hypertension prevention in the rural area through community intervention. Methods Dwellers from the countryside in Yichang, Hubei province were randomly divided into 2 groups： intervention group, given health education on hypertension, and control group given nothing. Effectiveness was evaluated through contrasting the intervention group and control group about the cognition and prevalence of hypertension. Results （1） The proportions of the correct answers about hypertension related to smoking, excessive drinking, salt and cholesterol were 27.72 96, 61.74 %, 80.38 % and 31.23 % in intervention group respectively, the corresponding rates were 0.37 %, 39.58 %, 34.86 % and 32.0196 in control group respectively. （2） The proportions of the correct answers about the knowledge on prevention and control of hypertension in intervention group were higher than in control group, so were the proportions of the correct answers about the measures on prevention and control of hypertension. （3） Awareness rate （68.26 96 ）, curative rate （ 59.28 96 ） and rate of hypertension being control（20.96 96 ） in intervention group were higher than in control group（the corresponding rates were 42.3196 , 31.54 96 and 6.15 96 respectively）. （4） The normative drug-taking rate was higher than in control group（ P = 0.57）, and non-drug curative rate inintervention group was higher than in control group（P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The community intervention measures, focused on health education and hypertension control, have a good effect on prevention and control hypertension in rural area.