集体林地使用制度改革与资源市场化配置

Collective Forest Land Use Reform and Resource Marketization

集体林地使用制度改革的反复与曲折,与过分强调集体林地的具体经营方式紧密相关。集体林地使用制度的突出问题之一在于弱市场化配置,因此集体林地使用制度改革不应简单地在集体山林的分户经营、股份合作制或其他经营方式之间进行选择,改革的主要目标之一是构建有利于市场机制充分发挥作用、提高集体林地资源配置效率的制度。强化集体林地资源的市场化配置可以从四个方面入手,一是以集体林地租赁经营逐步取代无偿承包制;二是推行集体林地使用权的招标出让和拍卖出让;三是培育以林地使用权流转为核心的林业要素市场;四是以产权为纽带,促进集体林地使用权与社会资本的结合。

The twists of collective forest land reform is closely linked with emphasizing excessively its concrete operation type. One of its outstanding problems lies in the weak marketization disposition in the collective forest land, so its reform should not briefly be divided into family manage, share cooperation or other types of operation to choose collective mountain forest. The reform goal is to establish the system that helps the market mechanism to fuUy function, improve the collective resource distribution efficiency of forest land. Strengthening the marketization of the collective resources of forest land can proceed with four respects to dispose, first, replace the free contract system progressively by the collective leasing management of forest land; Second, the bid of pursuing the usufi-uct of collective forest land is sold and auctioned- sold; Third, foster and flow and transfer to a central forestry key element market with the usufruct of forest land; Fourth, regard property right as the tie, promote the combination of usufruct of collective forest land and social capital.