不同状态性焦虑者参加太极拳运动前后脑波特征及状态性焦虑的变化

The changes of brain wave characteristics and state-trait anxiety of different state-trait anxiety sufferers before and after doing Taijiquan exercise

通过测定参加太极拳运动前后的脑波和STAI心理问卷,对参加太极拳运动前后的焦虑心理变化进行解释及论证。结果表明∶在太极拳练习结束和恢复时,两组均表现出状态性焦虑显著降低(P<0.01),且两组的变化模式不一样(P<0.01)。显示出太极拳练习后,脑波节律差异有显著性。对脑波和状态性焦虑进行了相关比较,高焦虑组的α1、α2、β1节律,在两条件下均与状态性焦虑存在不同程度的负相关,尤其β1波有非常明显的负相关;β2节律在练习结束时,却与状态性焦虑成中等程度的正相关,但低焦虑组则表现相关较低。由此推断,高焦虑组的被试者在太极拳练习结束以及恢复时,随着α1、α2、β1节律的增加,处于适度的觉醒状态,高焦虑者得以情绪安定、心身放松、注意力集中,向低焦虑状态转化。低焦虑组被试者,原本就处于较低焦虑水平状态,通过太极拳运动焦虑状态几乎降至最低水平,而且不易受到外在条件、应激等因素的影响。

By measuring the brain waves of state - trait anxiety sufferers before anti after doing Taijiquan exercise, and by employing psychological test questionnaire STAI （State - Trait Anxiety Inventory）, the authors explained and expatiated on the changes of psychology of anxiety of state - trait anxiety sufferers before and alter doing Taijiquan exercise, and revealed that the testees in both groups showed a significantly lowered level of state- trait anxiety （P 〈 0.01 ） when finishing Taijiquan exercise and recovering,and that the patterns of changes in both groups are different （P 〈 0.01 ）, which indicates that the brain wave rhythms are significantly different after the testees had dnne Taijiquan exercise. The authors compared the eorrelativity between brain wave and statetrait anxiety, and revealed the following findings： Theα1, α2 and β1 rhythms of brain waves of the testees in the high anxiety group showed a degree different negative correlation with state - trait anxiety under the two conditions, especially, the β1 wave showed a very obvious negative correlation; yet the β2 rhythm showed a medium degree positive correlation with state - trait anxiety when the exercise was finished, but a relatively low degree correlation was shown in the low anxiety group. Hence,tile following conclusions are drawn： When finishing Taijiquan exercise and recoverlng,the testees in the high anxiety group were,with the increment of the α1 ,α2 and β1 rhythms, in a moderately vigilant state, mood eahned, physically and menially relaxed, attention focused, and turned tumed the low anxiety state ; the level of anxiety of the testees in the low anxiety group,who were originally in the state of a relatively low level of anxiety,was almost lowered to the lowest level via Taijiquan exercise, and was not prone to being aitected by factors such as external condilion and stress.