青海高原地区良种肉牛改良当地黄牛的效果

Improving Effects of Different Beef Breeds on Local Yellow Cattle in Qinghai Plateau

在青海高原环境下,用引进的良种肉牛蓝白花、利木赞、西门塔尔和皮尔蒙特改良当地黄牛。结果显示:四个杂交组合F1代不同年龄的生长速度和体尺指标均明显优于青海黄牛(P<0.01),说明用良种肉牛改良青海黄牛效果明显;在不同杂交后代的比较中,皮×黄F1代各年龄段体重均高于蓝×黄F1、利×黄F1和西×黄F1(P<0.01),皮×黄F1代还保留了青海黄牛抗逆性强,耐粗饲等优良特性,杂交组合较为理想;皮尔蒙特牛可作为当前高原环境下改良青海黄牛的理想父本品种使用。

The improving effects of Limousin, Simmental, Piedmonts and Blue-White Beef Cattle on Qinghai Yellow Cattle are reported in this article. The body sizes and growth rate at birth, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months are all higher than that of Qinghai Yellow Cattle （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Among four crossbreed Fl calves, the weight of Piedmonts × Qinghai Yellow Cattle （ P × Y） are higher than those Limousin × Qinghai Yellow Cattle （ L × Y）, Simmental × Qinghai Yellow Cattle（ S × Y） and Blue-White Beef Cattle × Qinghai Yellow Cattle （ B ×Y） （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The results indicate that Piedmonts can be used as an ideal sire breed to improve Yellow Cattle of Qinghai Plateau at present.