1905年留日生集体归国运动之社会学透视

Sociological Perspective of the Unanimous Return to Country Movement of Returned Students from Japan in 1905

甲午惨败,激起了无数国人之扼腕与觉醒。一时之间,众多学子东渡日本。然而学途坎坷,日本政府的故意刁难和侵略野心的不断暴露,导致留日学生一次次的集体归国运动的出现。1905年留日生集体归国运动即为典型。以反对“取缔规则”斗争为契机,他们组织了规模宏大的以维护国家荣誉和自我生存为目标的集体归国运动。此次运动是中国留日学生一次群体意识的集中迸发,并且,通过这场激烈的斗争,进一步加强了留日学生群体间的认同感和归属感,为以后的革命斗争提供了新的尝试,在中国近代留学史上产生了影响深远。

The defeat of Jia Wu War makes rise to lots of native people awaken, which causes most of them to go to Japan. However, the way of study is not a pleasant journey. The fact of that deliberately creating-obstacles and aggressive ambition of Japan government gradually is exposed, an unanimous Return to Country Movement comes out again and again. It is typical of the return to country movement for returned students from Japan in1905. At the juncture that they are opposed to the Ban Rule, returned students organized a large-scale Return to Country Movement for the nation＇s honor and self-survival. In a sense, this movement was a centralized outburst of group realization. In addition, through this intense fight the sense of identification and belonging are further strengthened. The movement has provided a new attempt for later fights and has deep influence on the Chinese recent history of study abroad.