对我国职业教育现状及发展策略的思考——德、奥职教发展的启示

Reflect on the Present Situation and Developing Tactics of Our Country's Vocational Education——Inspired by the development of vocational education in Germany and Australia

目前,我国职业教育的社会地位普遍不高,其主要原因是:1.教育体系不合理;2.劳动用工制度不完善;3.职教未能实现其应有价值;4.“学而优则仕”的传统思想的消极影响。我国职业教育与德国、奥地利职教社会地位有很大的区别。在德、奥两国,家长能理智地接受子女读职教的现实,公众对职业教育高度信任,两国的职业学校和企业合作非常紧密,特别是两国实行职教的双元制主体模式,更体现了双方共同培育技能型人才的合作特色。我国种种情况正好与之相反,公众对职业教育普遍缺乏信任,社会各界对职教也存在漠视和歧视现象。因此,建立科学完善的教育体系;规范标准,提高教育质量,让社会、企业和学生充分享受职教实惠;严格执行用工制度;加大正面宣传,宣传优秀技能人才和高素质劳动者的作用,是提高职教的社会地位,把“大力发展职业教育”的政府决策变为社会现实的策略选择。

At present, the social status of our countryg vocational education is not high in general, the main reasons of which are： 1. unreasonable educational system; 2. the imperfect recruitment system; 3. the vocational education without fulfilling its value ; 4. the negative influence of the idea that ＂when a student finds that he can more than cope with his studies, then he takes office＂. There is great difference in the vocational education between our country and Germany and Austria. In Germany and Austria, parents can reasonably accept the reality of vocational education, and the public have high confidence in vocational edu- cation. The vocational schools in the two countries cooperate with business, expressing cooperating character in training technical talents. But the things are quite opposite to the two countries, the public are lack of general trust to the vocational education, and the society looks down upon the vocational education. To build up scientific improved educational system, speculate standards, raise the education quality and to let the society, business and students fully enjoy the benefit from the vocational education are the tactics of development of vocational education in our country.