问鼎上层文化:胡适的哲学史研究

An Attempt to Study the Upper Culture:A Research on Hu Shi’s History of Philosophy

胡适是中国哲学史研究的开山者。他的《中国哲学史大纲》(卷上)作为中国第一部真正的哲学史著作,建立了哲学史学科的新体系,开创了现代学术史的新纪元。(1)它以科学的方法和可信的史料,创造了全新古典哲学史体系、构想与规范,使哲学史作为一门科学戛然独立,并迈向了中国古代哲学史研究的近代化进程;(2)它用疑古与实证的方法实践,完成了新学科的创立及从“形”到“质”的转变,开启了崭新的治学门径,对具体的学术研究起到了示范作用。(3)它从形式到内容整体手段的全方位更新,不仅具有冲击传统惯性的强劲的反封建之风,又有开拓学术研究新风尚之意义。胡适的哲学史研究,新见迭出,影响深远,具有划时代的意义。

Hu Shi was the pioneer of the research on the history of philosophy in China. His An Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy, as the first, real work on the history of Chinese philosophy, has set up a new system for the subject of the history of philosophy, and has opened the new era of the modern history of learning. Firstly, it has created a set of brand new system, proposition and norm of the history of classical philosophy, made the history of philosophy a subject independently exist among the various subjects, and pushed it onto the modernizing process of the research on the history of the ancient Chinese philosophy. Secondly, by using the method of positivism and doubting the past, it has accomplished the establishment, development and transformation from ＂form＂to ＂quality＂ of the new subject, started the brand new access to do scholarly research, and functioned as a model for concrete scholarly research. Thirdly, its new form and contents are not only of the style of strong anti-feudalism against the traditional inertia, but also of the significance of opening up the new fashion of scholarly research. That＇s why we say that Hu Shi＇s research on the history of philosophy, which has realized ＂the paradigmatic change, ＂ was of the courage to blaze new trails, of brief approaches, of equal views, of alternative fresh ideas, of profound influence, and of epoch-making significance.