明建文二年殿试举行时间与参试人数考辨

A Deliberation on the Date and Number of Participants at the Palace Imperial Examination in the Second Year of Jianwen Emperor of Ming Dynasty

在明代科举考试史上,由于政治上的原因,建文二年的殿试变得扑朔迷离,疑案在悬。三月初一日举行殿试,作为一项制度于洪武十七年推出后,在洪武朝后期得到了较好执行。建文二年三月初一日因有日食,殿试推至次日举行。参加该科殿试的贡士,除本年二月会试中式的109名新科贡士外,还包括洪武三十年的告殿贡士郭秩,总数应为110人。

For political reasons, in the history of imperial examinations in Ming dynasty, the palace examination in the second year of Jianwen Emperor became a perplex puzzle. March the 1^st of the lunar year was the date for palace examination, which had been set by Emperor Hongwu in his 17^th year of reign, and carried out regularly in his subsequent years. But March the 1^st of the second year of Jianwen Emperor fell on a solar eclipse, so the examination was postponed to the next day. The participants, besides the 109 men who succeeded in the February examination, included a man named Guo Zhi, who succeeded in the examination in the 30^th year of Hongwu Emperor. So the total number of participants was 110.