从《南洋时事》看志贺重昂国粹主义思想萌生的起因

The Cause of Shigetaka Shiga’s Nationalist Ideas seen from The South Seas Current News

《南洋时事》是日本明治二十年代的国粹主义代表人物志贺重昂的成名作,也是标志着其国粹主义思想开始萌生的一部作品。在这部作品中,志贺重昂以南洋土著人在欧美列强的势力扩张下所遭遇的悲惨命运为鉴,强烈主张日本应依据生物进化的根本法则,保存本民族的势力和“固有禀赋”,以维护日本的独立,而不能一味地崇拜和迷信西洋,以免重蹈南洋土著人的覆辙。这既是《南洋时事》一书的主题,也是志贺重昂国粹主义思想的基本主张。通过分析《南洋时事》一书,可以看出,危机意识与社会达尔文主义对促进志贺重昂国粹主义思想的萌生具有重要的影响。

The South Seas Current News was written by Shigetaka Shiga, the representative of the Japanese Nationalism in Meiji 20＇ s, who first gained his ideas of Nationalism and also established his reputation through this work. Comparing to the miserable fates of the aborigines in the South Seas during the great expansion of the Occident, Shigetaka Shiga pointed out that Japan should vindicate her independence by keeping her influence and her character, according to the laws of evolution instead of worshiping the Occident blindly to avoid the fate of the aborigines. This idea was the main subject of The South Seas Current News as well as the basic proposition of Shigetaka Shiga＇s Nationalism. The influence of the crisis consciousness and social Darwinism which affected Shigetaka Shiga＇ s Nationalism will be discussed below by analyzing his work The South Seas Current News.