基于仿生的大展弦比机翼结构布局形式研究

Research of High Aspect Ratio Wing Structural Layout Based on Bionics

为了探讨大展弦比直机翼的结构布局形式,本文借鉴自然界中的鱼骨与树叶的叶脉形式,利用有限元分析与满应力优化作为设计手段,对3种不同的结构布局形式(A构型、B构型和常规构型)开展基于强度、刚度以及质量条件限制下有关响应的对比研究。计算结果表明:在不同尺度的等质量条件限制下,“A构型”弯曲刚度最大,扭转刚度居中;“B构型”弯曲刚度居中,扭转刚度最小;“常规构型”弯曲刚度最小,扭转刚度最大。分析结果证明,机翼的翼肋布置应该“适当地”倾斜。最后给出3点结论。

In order to explore structural layout schemes for high aspect ratio wings, the author uses fish skeleton and leaf vein in nature for reference. Combination of finite dement method （FEM） and full stress design （FSD） is used as a design tool to conduct a tradeoff study of some structural responds, under constraint conditions of strength, rigidity and weight, for three structural layouts, layout A, layout B and conventional layout. Computational results show that for the different scales of the wings with the same weight constraint, ＇ layout A＇ has maximal bending rigidity and mid torsion rigidity, ＇ layout B＇ has mid bending rigidity and minimal torsion rigidity, ＇ conventional layout＇ has minimal bending rigidity and maximal torsion rigidity. It can be seen form the results that ribs should be ＇ properly＇ slanted. Finally three conclusions are drawn.