发展中的磁电材料

Development of Magnetoelectric Material

磁电材料在磁记录等方面具有巨大的潜在应用价值。在过去的几十年内,人们对单相材料和复合材料的磁电效应进行了广泛的研究。只有磁矩有序和电偶极子有序共存的材料才会在磁场作用下极化或在电场作用下磁化。单相材料有一个很大的缺点,即其磁电感应即使在低温下也相当微弱,这就限制了其在实际器件里的应用。复合材料的磁电感应是通过材料中独立的压磁相和压电相或磁致伸缩相和压电相实现的。磁电层合材料巨大的磁电感应电压系数源于压电晶体的巨压电电压系数和磁致伸缩部分的巨弹性屈服度。本文主要阐述磁电颗粒复合材料和层合材料的研究现状并总结了一些重要结果。

Magnetoelectric materials provide significant potentials as the magnetic recording devices. In the past few decades, extensive research has been conducted on the magnetoelectric （ME） effect in single phase and composite materials. Dielectric polarization of a material under a magnetic field or an induced magnetization under an electric field requires the simuhancons presence of long-range ordering of magnetic moments and electric dipoles. Single phase materials suffer from the drawback that the ME effect is considerably weak even at low temperatures, limiting their applicability in practical devices. Better alternatives are magnetoelectric composites that the ME effect can be realized using composites consisting of individual piezomagnetic and piezoelectric phases or individual magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases. The large ME voltage coefficient in magnetoelectric laminate composites was obtained because of the high piezoelectric voltage coefficient of the piezocrystals and large elastic compliances. This article mainly emphasizes the investigations of ME particulate composites and laminate composites and summarizes the important results.