青藏铁路对西藏旅游的影响分析

On Influences of Qinghai-Tibet Railway on Tourism Industry of Tibet Autonomous Region,China

2006-07-01青藏铁路建成通车标志着西藏旅游将进入一个新时代。从探索西藏旅游发展动力机制模式出发,分析了青藏铁路对西藏旅游发展的影响,积极影响主要包括五个方面：1)高质量改善旅游可进入性,2)调整产业空间均衡发展,3)推动旅游产品创新发展,4)创建西藏旅游新形象,5)改善旅游发展宏观环境；同时指出青藏铁路通车对西藏旅游的“神秘”形象、产业要素的不配套和生态环境与历史文化保护带来三大挑战,无论从积极影响,还是带来的挑战均可以看出,青藏铁路对西藏旅游的影响将是跨越历史阶段的“革命性”影响。最后,提出了集聚发展、适度规模、政府主导和科学保护四大战略原则建议。

The 1^st July, 2006 was the historical date for Tibet passed through the Qinghai-Tibet Railway-constructed since A.R. because the Train from Beijing would be firstly 2001. That implies that a newly epoch of Tibetan tourism development is coming. In perspective of exploring the dynamic modes of tourism development in the sparse and peripheral Tibet, positive influences of Qinghai-Tibet Railway on Tibetan tourism has simply been summarized in 5 aspects： 1 ） Great improving and upgrading of accessibility with the railway-oriented linkage of Tibet A. R. as host destination directly to tourist sources and efficiently combination of railway, motorway and air transport; 2） Readjusting of spatial distribution of tourism activities to the polarized population centers in all levels of cities, towns, villages and settlements and the areas alongside railway and highways; 3 ） The rapid innovation of tourist products induced by appearing of railway-oriented sightseeing tourism on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with more than 4 000 m. a. s. 1. with the combination of the modern amusing equipments and pristine circumstances; 4） Establishing of new image of Tibet tourism with the convergence of the Hollywood-popularized Shangri-la image and railwayinduced modernity image ; 5） Enlarging business space of Tibet tourism through increasing of the doubled scales potentials and mitigating of seasonality to provide more cooperating possibilities and more investment opportunities. Meanwhile three major challenges of Tibetan tourism oriented by Qinghai-Tibet Railway have been pointed out as： 1 ） How to keep in stronger rallying point of new image of Tibetan tourism as that before railway appearance. 2 ） How to upgrade the matching and trade-off of/oiJrism produce processes with high efficiency and good bencfits. 3） How to prevent and eonselve the natural ecology and social culture in facing to the rapidly increasing tourist numbers. Then in the end of this paper four strategic principles for sustainable tourism development have been proposed such as relative clustering development principle, suitable scaling development principle, government-dominated development principle and scientific protective and conserving development principle.