“全球伦理”视野中的印度宗教传统

Indian Religious Tradition in the Perspective of "Global-Ethic"

由基督教神学界发起并得到世界上各种宗教团体广泛响应的全球伦理运动,提出了分别出自基督教传统和儒家传统的有关“道德金律”的表述,其目的在于从信仰、道德的层面来有效地化解道德沉沦、民族宗教冲突与环境恶化等世界性难题。“道德金律”的双面表述在逻辑上是不够完备的,印度的“非暴力主义”则可与“己所不欲,毋施于人”和“爱人如己”的道德律令形成鼎足,使构建中的全球基本伦理更趋完备、充实和有效;伦理规范不可能脱离它的宗教的、形而上学的基础和具体的文化、社会环境而孤立地发挥作用,印度的多元宗教传统及其所包含的一些特定的思想与行为方式,对于各门宗教之间形成多元共存、和平竞争的良性关系,亦提示了一种富有示范与借鉴意义的具体机制。

The ＂global-ethic campaign＂, initiated by theological circles in Christianity and was responded among many different religious groups, proposed the active and negative expressions on the ＂ gold-rule＂ drawn from Christian tradition and Confucian tradition respectively. They aim to solve some worldwide problems like moral degradation, national and religious conflicts, the pollution of the environment, and so on. But, in my opinion, on the one hand, the dual expressions of ＂gold-rule＂ is still logically incomplete, while the ＂Non-violence＂ in India can integrate the moral rules ＂Love others as yourself＂ and ＂what you yourself do not desire, do not impose on others＂ into a firm trinity and make the ＂global-ethic＂ being shaped more complete, sufficient and effective; on the other hand, it is impossible that ethical norms go into effect by separating themselves from appropriate religious, metaphysical grounds and concrete cultural, social environments. And the ＂plural-religions＂ tradition in India and the definite way of thought and action involved in this tradition have provided an exemplary approach for different religions today to constitute a virtuous relationship of ＂plural-coexistence＂ with each other and ＂completion-in peace＂ between each other.