猪苓提取物对大鼠尿草酸钙结石形成的抑制作用

Inhibition effect of extracts of polyporus umbellatus on urinaryc alcium oxalate stone formation in rats

目的:观察猪苓不同溶剂的提取物对大鼠尿草酸钙结石形成的抑制作用。方法:实验于2005-04-10/05-24在重庆医科大学药理实验室进行。①分组:取Wistar雄性健康大鼠64只,单纯随机分为对照组、模型组、正丁醇浸膏0.5,1.0g组、乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g组和水浸膏0.5,1.0g组8组,每组8只。②造模;除对照组以外,其他7组大鼠每天灌胃10g/L乙二醇和20g/L氯化铵2mL诱导大鼠肾草酸钙结石模型。③给药:正丁醇浸膏0.5,1.0g组每天灌胃猪苓正丁醇浸膏0.5,1.0g;乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g组每天灌胃猪苓乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g;水浸膏0.5,1.0g组每天灌胃猪苓水浸膏0.5,1.0g;其他2组灌胃等剂量生理盐水。均饲养5周。④检测指标:实验结束前1d收集24h尿,测定尿草酸盐结石、Ca2+和Mg2+含量;然后处死大鼠,取血测定血清肌酐和尿素氮水平;取肾观察肾组织病理变化,并检测肾组织Ca2+,Mg2+含量。结果:64只大鼠进入结果分析。①对照组血清尿素氮和肌酐水平明显低于其他组(P<0.05,0.01);乙酸乙酯浸膏1.0g组血清尿素氮水平低于模型组[(8.12±1.32),(10.84±0.78)mmol/L,P<0.01];正丁醇浸膏0.5g组,乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g组血肌酐水平低于模型组[(99.18±16.46),(97.58±15.16),(87.03±15.82),(112.11±10.16)μmol/L,P<0.05,0.01]。②对照组24h尿草酸盐结石和Ca2+分泌量明显低于其他各组(P<0.01);正丁醇浸膏1.0g组和乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g组24h尿Ca2+分泌量低于模型组[(53.06±11.21),(44.08±10.34),(39.84±13.01),(64.42±15.32)μmol/24h,P<0.05,0.01],乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g组低于正丁醇浸膏和水浸膏组(P<0.01)。③肾Ca2+含量:对照组明显低于其他各组(P<0.01);正丁醇浸膏1.0g组和乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g组低于模型组[(8.52±2.41),(8.13±2.18),(6.21±0.73),(12.01±0.87)μmol/g,P<0.05,0.01],乙酸乙酯浸膏0.5,1.0g组低于正丁醇浸膏和水浸膏组(P<0.01)。④乙酸乙酯浸膏组肾草酸钙结晶明显少于模型组,肾组织病理变化也轻于模型组。结论:猪苓乙酸乙酯浸膏能抑制实验性高草酸尿症大鼠尿草酸钙晶体的形成,明显降低血清尿素氮和肌酐的浓度,对肾功能具有明显的保护作用。

AIM： To study the inhibition effect of extracts of Po.lyporus Umbellatus （ePU） on urinary calcium oxalate stone （UCOS） formation in rats. METHODS： The experiment was conducted in the Pharmacological Laboratory of Chongqing University of Medical Scicences from April 10^th to May 24^th 2005. ① Grouping： Sixty-four healthy male Wister rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, n-butanol extract groups （0.5 g and 1.0 g）, acetoaeetate extract groups （0.5 g and 1.0 g） and aqueous extract groups （0.5 g and 1.0 g） with 8 rats in each group.② Modeling： Rats, except those in the control group, were gastrieally administrated with ethylene alcohol （10 g/L） and ammonium chloride （2 mL） to establish rat models of UCOS. ③ Administration： Rats in 0.5 g and 1.0 g n-butanol extract groups were given gastric perfusion of n-butanol estract respectively for 0.5 g and 1.0 g per day. Rats in 0.5 g and 1.0 g acetoacetatc extract groups were given gastric perfusion of aeetoacetate estraet respectively for 0.5 g and 1.0 g per day. Rats in 0.5 g and 1.0 g aqueous extract groups were given gastric perfusion of aqueous extract per day respectively for 0.5 g and 1.0 g. While rats in the other two groups were administrated with normal saline at the same dosage. Rats were fed for 5 weeks. ④Detecting indexes： All animal urine in 24 hours were collected at one day before the experiment was completed, and the calcium oxalatc stone, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ in urine were determined. After that, all rats were executed to detect the levels of serum creatinine （Cr） and urea nitrogen （UN）. The pathological changes in nephridial tissues were observed, and the contents of Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ were detected. RESULTS： A total of 64 rats were invovled in the analsysis of results. ① The blood serum UN and Cr of the control group were obviously lower than other groups （P 〈 0.05, 0.01）. The blood serum UN of the acetoacetate extract group （1.0 g） was lower than that in the model group [（8.12±1.32）, （10.84±0.78） mmol/L,P 〈 0.01], The blood serum Cr of the n-butanol extract group （0.5 g） and the acetoacetate extract groups （0.5 g, 1.0 g） were lower than that in the model group [（99.18±16.46）, （97.58±15.16）, （87.03±15.82）, （ 112.11±10.16）μmol/L,P 〈 0.05,0.01]. ② The urinary calcium oxalate stone and Ca^2＋ concentration in the control group at 24 hours were lower than that in other groups （P 〈 0.01）, while the Ca^2＋ concentration of the n-butanol extract group （1.0 g） and the acetoacetate extract groups （0.5 g, 1.0 g） were lower; than that in the model group [（53.06±11.21 ）, （44.08±10.34）, （39.84±13.01）, （64.42±15.32）μmol/24 h, P 〈 0.05,0.01], and it was lower in the acetoaeetate extract groups （0.5 g and 1.0 g） than that in the aqueous extract groups （P 〈 0.01）.③ The renal Ca^2＋ concentrantion of the control group was lower than that in other groups （P 〈 0.01）, while it was lower in the n-butanol extract group （1.0 g） and the acetoacetate extract groups （0.5 g, 1.0 g） than that in the model group [（8.52±2.41 ）, （8.13±2.18）, （6.21±0.73）, （12.01±0.87）μmol/g,P 〈 0.05, 0.01], and it was lower in the acetoacetate extract groups （0.5 g and 1.0 g） than that in the n-butanol extract groups and aqueous extract groups （P 〈 0.01）. ④ The calcium oxalate of the acetoacetate extract group in kidey was significantly lower than that in the model group, and the pathological changes in nephridial tissues were slighter than those in the model group. CONCLUSION： The ePU can obviously inhibit the formation of the urinary calcium oxalate stone in rats and sigifnicantly decrease the concentration of BUN and Cr with great protection effect on kidney.