梦窗词在词学史上的意义

The Significance of Mengchuang's Ci-poetry in the Ci-poetic History

梦窗词在词学史上的影响和意义,有以下三点值得注意：第一,在词律方面,梦窗词以严于音律而闻名,在南宋末年和清代中后期被特别推崇,皆是对当时出现的轻视词律风气的反拨。第二,质实“晦涩”是梦窗词的风格特征,清代词学家对吴文英所谓“晦涩”词风重新认识,力破梦窗词晦涩难懂的陈言,并强调梦窗之“涩”可以医当时词风之滑。第三,比兴寄托的阐释。周济及晚清四大家把梦窗词视为体现“意内言外”比兴寄托的典范,指出梦窗词乃感触时事的寄托之词。梦窗词对晚清的词坛风气产生了巨大作用。

The influence and significance of Mengchuang's ci-poetry in the ci-poetic history could be mind- ed in three aspects as follows:First,Mengchuang's ci-poetry was renowned in its strict rhythm,which,as a reaction to the customary loose ci-poetic rhythm,was worshipped in the Late Song and the Middle and Late Qing Dynasties.Secondly,solid,but“unclear in meaning”was the style of Mengchuang's ci-poetry;while the ci- poetic savants recognized that style for the reason that it could overcome the easy and superficial“flipping character- istics”(词风之滑) in the customary ci-poetic style.Thirdly,Zhou Ji (周济) and four ci-poetic masters took Wu Wenying's (吴文英) or Mengchuang's ci-poetry as a model of“implicit style”by way of comparing and al- luding with“ideas inside and words outside”(“意内言外”),because the ci-poet was keenly concerned with common affairs.Mengchuang's ci-poetry rendered great influence on the ci-poetic circles in the Late Qing Dy- nasty.