胎儿心脏右心房主要结构增龄变化观测

Observation and measurement of the aging changes in right atrium's main structure in fetal heart

目的观测不同胎龄心脏右心房结构、大小及变化规律。方法40例胎心标本按胎龄分为4组,对右心房内主要结构进行观测比较,用统计学方法处理数据。结果各结构总体均数(cm)如下:上腔静脉内径0.42±0.17cm、冠状窦口直径0.21±0.08cm、右房室口直径0.75±0.27cm、右房壁厚度0.08±0.03cm、卵圆孔高度和宽度0.18±0.79cm和0.32±0.11cm、第一房室间隔高度和宽度0.52±0.21cm和0.21±0.08cm。下腔静脉瓣出现率为100%,Chair′s网占7.5%。冠状窦口瓣膜出现率为97.6%。筛状瓣膜占冠状窦口瓣膜的5%。结论上腔静脉内径、右房室口直径、第一房间隔高度和宽度随胎龄的增长而增加。冠状窦口直径、右房壁厚度、卵圆孔高度和宽度变化不规则。

Objective To observe the structure, size and changes of the right atrium in different fetal age. Methods Forty samples of fetal heart were divided into four groups, according to the fetal age. The main internal structures of right atrium were observed and compared. Results All mean values of various structures were as follow ： the internal diameter of superior vena cava was 0.42 ± 0.17 cm, the diameter of coronary sinus orifice was 0.21 ± 0.08 cm, the diameter of right atrioventricular orifice was 0.75 ± 0.27cm, the thickness of the right atrium wall was 0.08 ± 0.03, the height and breadth of foramen ovale was 0.18 ± 0.79 cm and 0.32 ± 0.11 cm respectively, the height and breadth of the first septum of the right atrium was 0.52 ± 0.21cm and 0.21 ± 0.08cm respectively. The incidence of eaval valve was 100%, in which chair＇s net made up 7.5 %. The incidence of coronary valve was 97.60, in which incidence of meshwork - like valve was 5 %. Conclusion As the growth of age, the internal diameter of superior vena cava, the diameter of right atrioventricular orifice and the height and breadth of the first septum of the right atrium is increasing. The diameter of coronary sinus orifice, the thickness of the right ventricle wall and the height and breadth of foramen ovale is irregular.