同源四倍体萝卜雄配子体发育

Male Gametophyte Development in Autotetraploid Radish

利用爱氏苏木精染色-冬青油透明"技术,首次报道了同源四倍体萝卜(2n=4x=36)雄配子体的动态发育过程.结果表明:同源四倍体萝卜小孢子核经一次有丝分裂产生营养核与生殖核,生殖核再经一次有丝分裂形成两个精核,最终形成3-细胞型成熟花粉,与相应的二倍体雄配子体的整个发育过程相似;四倍体花粉具2个、3个或4个萌发孔,二倍体多为3孔花粉;四倍体雄配子体发育过程中异常频率为32%,比二倍体高20%,败育主要发生在四分体时期和单核期.

The male gametophyte development of autotetraploid radish （2n= 4x= 36） was examined by Ehrlich＇s hematoxylin staining-methyl salicylate clearing and is reported for the first time in the paper. It was shown that in autotetraploid radish the microspores produce one vegetative nucleus and one generative nucleus through one mitosis and the generative nucleus divided into two sperm nuclei through one mitosis and finally three-cell pollens resulted,which was similar to those in male gametophyte development in diploid radish; the pollens had two, three or four germination apertures in the tetraploid and mostly three apertures in the diploid;in male gametophyte development of the tetraploid, the abnormality frequency was 32%, which was 20% higher than that in the diploid,and pollen abortion mainly happened at the tetrad stage and nuinucleate stage.