免疫复合物参与冻伤大鼠冻结-融化损伤的研究

IMMUNE COMPLEX MAY PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN FREEZING INJURY OF FROSTBITE RATS

目的:了解体液免疫在冻结性冻伤损伤病理生理过程中的作用,为冻结性冻伤的预防和治疗提供依据。方法:实验采用Wistar大鼠冻结性冻伤模型,在冻伤前及冻伤后4h、1d、3d和5d测量三种免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA和IgM)、两种补体(C3和C4)和血清循环免疫复合物的含量;用免疫荧光标记技术检测骨骼肌中的组织免疫复合物含量;用免疫粘附法观察红细胞表面免疫复合物含量变化。结果:大鼠冻伤后血清IgG急剧下降,冻后4h下降至最低值。IgA在冻伤后1d达到最低。血清IgM浓度在冻伤后逐渐增高,冻后5d继续上升。血清循环免疫复合物浓度在冻后逐渐增高,冻后1d达峰值,为冻前的28.8倍(P<0.01)。冻伤后1d大鼠骨骼肌开始出现免疫复合物沉积。红细胞表面免疫复合物含量明显高于冻前,冻后3d达到高峰(P<0.01)。结论:研究结果表明,冻结性冻伤是一种免疫复合物相关性疾病,对此国内、外尚未见报道。

To explore the role of humoral immunity in the pathophysiological process of freezing injury and the possible immune interference in the preventation and treatment of frostbite. Methods： Severe experimental freezing injury model was made in Wistar rats（ n = 20）. The concentration of three types of immunoglobulin（IgG, IgA and IgM）, two types of complement components（C3 and CA）, and circulating immune complex（CIC） were measured respectively before and at 4h, 1d, 3d, and 5d after frostbite. At the same time, the tissue immune complex（TIC） in skeletal muscle and the contents of the red blood call immune complex（RBC-IC） were also observed and then was the red blood cell immune adherence activity（RCIA）. Results： Serum IgG concentration decreased rapidly to the lowest level at 4 h after frostbite IgA concentration dropped to the nadir on 1 day after freezing. Decreases of both immunoglobulins were maintained during the 5 days after frostbite. The fate of both C3 and CA were the same as those immunoglobulins. Freezing had rather less effect on IgM level. CIC concentration in serum, expressed as the percent of prefreeaing increased rapidly and to the zenith on the 3 days post-fr eezing. By immunofluorescence microscopy, thin continuous linear pattern（IgG） was demonstrated along the SM on the first day post-freeaing. Granular and nodular deposits（IgG） appeared along the SM as the time proceeded after frostbite. RBC-IC contents, expressed as the erythrocyte IC rosette rate, increased significantly and to the zenith on the 3 d post-freeaing, while RCIA depressed to the nadir at the same time. Conclusion： The freezing frostbite is an immune complex related disease which have not been reportod by others before.