从传统私家园林到近代城市公园——汉口中山公园(1928年—1938年)

From Conventional Private Garden to Modern Urban Park——Hankow Zhongshan Park(1928～1938 )

自1840年,特别是辛亥革命后,中国园林发生了空前的变化,新的城市公共空间——公园出现并发展。该文选取汉口中山公园进行个案研究,对它在1928年￣1938年10年间的发展展开空间分析和社会解读,发现汉口中山公园从传统私家园林到近代城市公园的转变,既与19世纪末20世纪初的欧美城市公园运动紧密联系,同时又根植于当时历经国民革命的汉口社会背景。创建汉口中山公园是当时汉口市政府推行的城市变革的一部分,旨在从身体上和从精神上唤起民众。

From 1840, especially after the 1911 Revolution, Chinese gardens experienced remarkable transformations, Parks, open space belonging to the public as of right, emerged with a variety of facilities for the enjoyment of leisure. Taking Hankow Zhongshan Park as a specific case, the paper examines its development in the decade of 1927-1937. The paper articulates that its transformation from a conventional private garden to a modern urban park was connected with the worldwide public park movement, and meantime embedded in republican Hankow society. Hankow Zhongshan Park was conceptualized and materialized as a part of the efforts of Hankow urban reform, and constituted one of the most explicit spatial manifestations of the body and the mind of a new citizen.