城市垃圾中转站选址优化模型的建立及其应用

Establishment of optimization model for location of municipal solid waste transfer station and its application

为寻求一种城市垃圾中转站优化选址方法,根据城市垃圾收运系统的特点,引入逆向物流系统选址规划的理念,选用集合覆盖模型对中转站的位置进行初步优化,确定了垃圾中转站的待选点;在此基础上,运用整数规划构建整个城市垃圾收运系统费用现值最小模型,对城市垃圾中转站的初步规划进行二次优化,从待选点中选出垃圾中转站的最优组合,并计算出其分别接纳的垃圾量.通过实例分析,验证了城市垃圾中转站二次优化选址的可行性、实用性,可为垃圾收运系统的规划与设计提供参考依据.

In order to find optimization method for location of municipal solid waste （MSW） transfer stations, according to the characteristics of MSW collection and transportation system, the idea of reverse logistics system for location planning was introduced in this study. Location of MSW transfer stations were primarily optimized by setting covering model, and then the alternative MSW transfer stations were established. After establishing alternative MSW transfer stations, preliminary scheme of MSW transfer stations was optimized again by using integer programming to formulate the minimal expense present value model of the whole MSW collection and transportation system. In the end, the optimum combination of MSW transfer stations have been selected from the alternatives and the capacity of every selected transfer station has been calculated at the same time. In conclusion, the feosihility and practicability of secondary optimization location of MSW transfer stations arc validated by case analysis in this study, and this method can be used in the planning and design of the MSW collection and transportation system.