论宋玉的思想

In Terms of the Idea of Song Yu

关于宋玉的思想,近百年来,在学术界还没有全面系统的研究,略有涉及者亦多浅尝辄止;关于宋玉思想的归属,则多出歧说,或说归属道家,或说归属儒家,或说道与儒兼而有之,莫衷一是。有鉴于此,我们对宋玉作品作了全面的分析,对作品中反映出的宋玉思想作了认真的梳理,并将宋玉的思想与荀子的思想作了全方位的比照。由此得出结论,宋玉的思想有一个发展过程:在襄王时,主要是委婉的政谏;在考烈王时,主要是自律修身;在幽王时,主要是抒写对自己失职的悲怨,对国家政衰的忧虑和对君国未来的祈祷;在楚亡后,则表现出复国的愿望。综合宋玉一生的思想,具有与时迁徙的时代特征和进步意义,当归属于战国末期荀子所构建的新儒家思想。

For nearly a century, There has not a complete and systemic research on the idea of Song Yu in the academe. There has various views about the headstream of the idea of Song Yu, such as it belongs to Taoism or it belongs to Confucianism or it shares Taoism and Confucianism. Aim at this institution we analyze the all-sides of the works of Song Yu, card earnestly the idea of Song Yu, and compare the idea of Song Yu to the idea of Xunzi in all aspects. So the conclusion is that the idea of Song Yu has a developmental process：in the times of Xiang king,it is roundabout politic advice;in the times of Kaolie king, it is self-discipline and cultivate his morality;in the times of You king, it is the sad and complain of his breach of duty, the worry of his nation and the pray to the future of king; after the perdition of Chu nation, it is the desire of resuming his nation. Synthesizing the idea in all life of Song Yu, it has the times character and progress meaning with the age change,so it should belong to the new Confucianism founded by Xunzi in the late Warring States times.