乐清湾红树林和光滩大型底栖动物群落比较研究

The comparative study on the macrobenthic community ecology between the mangrove swamp and the naked tidal flat at the Yueqing Bay

2004年5月,对浙江乐清西门岛的人工红树林及周边滩涂进行大型底栖动物调查,共发现大型底栖动物18构组成介于红树林和光滩之间,三种生境的大型底栖动物密度分别为452ind..m-2,310ind..m-2,620ind..m-2,生物量分别为40.53g.m-2,44.80g.m-2和42.75g.m-2。红树林区底栖动物的优势种为可口革囊星虫Phascolosomaesculenta和难解种,隶属6门7纲15科;主要是软体动物,节肢动物和环节动物。底上生活类群(groupofsurface,GS)种类数少于底内生活类群(groupofsurfacebelow,GSB)种类数。通过在红树林、幼红树林和光滩三种生境的调查发现,幼红树林群落结不等蛤Enigmoniaaenigmatica。三种生境中,红树林的生物多样性和均匀度最高,优势度最小,造成这个现象的原因可能与红树林生境的复杂化有关。

This paper reported the results of investigation on the macrobenthic community of swamp in Ximen Island, Yueqing City, Zhejiang province, China in May, 2004. 18 species of macrobenthic belonging to 6 Phyla, 7 Classes, 15 Families, were found. Among them, the dominant species were Mollusca, Arthropoda and Annelida. The group of surface （GS） species were fewer than the group of surface below （GSB）. Through the research at three habitat types, the mangrove swamp, young mangrove swamp and the naked tidal flat, it showed that the community configuration at young mangrove swamp was interveniented to the communities at mangrove swamp and at naked tidal flat, then the density of the macrobenthic were following that 452 ind.·m^-2, 310 ind·m^-2 and 620 ind.·m^-2, the biomass were following that 40.53 g·m^-2,44.80 g·m^-2 and 42.75 g·m^-2. Phascolosoma esculentaa and Enigmonia aenigmatica were dominant species at mangrove swamp. The biodiversity indexes （ S ＆ H′ ） and the Pielou index of the mangrove swamp were highest, the Simpson index was the lowest at three kind of habitat types, it maybe relate to the habitat complication at mangrove swamp.