烟青虫对三种食料植物的选择性及适应性

Preference and adaptability of oriental tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa assulta, to three food plants

采用笼罩植株接虫产卵试验和皿内食料吸引选择试验,测定烟青虫HelicoverpaassultaGuen?e对3种食料植物产卵选择性和嗜食性;通过单头饲养试验,测定6龄幼虫对3种食料植物的转化和利用率。结果表明:烟青虫成虫最喜好在番茄上产卵,其次为烟草,在辣椒上产卵最少。初孵幼虫喜食嫩烟叶,选食辣椒和番茄嫩叶的幼虫数较少,其取食量大小顺序为烟草>辣椒>番茄。6龄幼虫能有效利用和转化烟草、辣椒,而对番茄果实的利用和转化效率最低。烟青虫对食料植物的产卵选择和嗜食性差异,是其综合防治中合理进行作物布局,减轻危害的重要依据。

The difference of ovipositing selectivity to food plants （tomato, tobacco and pepper） and larval feeding performance of the oriental tobacco budworm Helicoverpa assulta Guenée were tested through the choice trials of adults ovipositing in a net-house（1.2 m×1.2 m× 1.2 m）and the performance trials of the newly hatched larvae in petri dishs （Ф9 cm）. Also the efficiency of utilization and conversion of the early sixth-instar larvae to food plants was studied. The results showed that tomato was the most favorite for the adults to oviposit, followed by tobacco and pepper in order. However, the newly hatched lavrae preferred the tender tobacco leaves, rather than the other two plants. According to the amount they ate, the order is： tobacco, hot pepper and tomato. The early sixth-instar larvae could transform and utilize the tobacco capsulea and hot pepper more effectively than tomato fruits. This experiment can provide information and guidelines about how to take advantage of plants-distribution to protect the plants from this insect pest.