死者名誉保护相关问题探讨

Issues in the Reputation Protection of the Dead

我国民法相关司法解释对死者名誉问题的规定与司法实践出现了不一致,学界有人主张保护死者“名誉权”的观点与民法的民事主体理论有冲突,我们认为法律保护死者名誉,并非保护死者的名誉权,而是保护死者在生前就获得的、形成的社会评价,以及由此带来的名誉利益,即死者的近亲属以及社会的利益。侵害死者的名誉,其诉讼主体应为死者的近亲属;侵害行为可能损及社会公共利益时,人民检察院可以原告身份提起公益诉讼。

The interpretation of the stipulation about the reputation of the dead is different from the judieatory practice, that is, legislation protects the reputation of the dead, rather than the fight of reputation. Legislation should clearly define the reputation before death and the interest from the reputation. This protection is essential to protect the reputation interest, not the reputation after nor before the death.