自尊对自我确认倾向的影响:来自人际选择的证据

The Effects of Self-esteem on the Tendency Towards Self-verification: Evidences from Choosing Interaction Partners

采用改编后的“整体自尊问卷”和“交谈自尊问卷”筛选出整体自尊和交谈自尊高低不同的四组被试,通过模拟现实人际互动情境,在评价人对被试的交谈表现提供不同评价(肯定或否定)及表达不同交友态度(接受或排斥)的条件下,考察了整体自尊与特殊自尊对人际互动过程中自我确认倾向的影响,结果表明:(1)不论社交需求是否获得满足,即整体自尊是否得以维持,被试的自我确认倾向都只受特殊自尊的调节;(2)在社交需求和一致性需求同时获得满足,即整体自尊与特殊自尊均得以维持时,被试的自我确认倾向受整体自尊和特殊自尊的共同调节;(3)在社交需求和一致性需求未同时获得满足,即整体自尊和特殊自尊不能同时得以维持时,高整体自尊者的自我确认倾向受特殊自尊的调节,而低整体自尊者未表现出自我确认的倾向。

Employing the Global Self-Esteem Scale and Talk Self-Esteem Scale for Undergraduates developed by the researchers themselves, this study selected four groups of participants, namely, high general self-esteem/high talk self-esteem, high general self- esteem/low talk self-esteem, low general self-esteem/high talk self-esteem and low general self-esteem/low talk self-esteem. The study took choosing interaction partners as a self-verification index and simulated real interaction situation under different evaluations, viz. positive-accepting/negative-accepting, positive-refusing/negative-refusing, positive-refusing/negative-accepting, and positiveaccepting/negative-refusing, aiming at exploring the effects of general self-esteem and specific self-esteem on the tendency towards self- verification in social interaction. The results showed： （1） whether the maintenance of general self-esteem could be satisfied or not, the individual＇s tendency towards self-verification would always be guided by the need for self-consistency; （2） when both general self- esteem and specific self-esteem were maintained, the individual＇s tendency towards self-verification would be guided by the needs for belonging and self-consistency; （3）when general self-esteem and specific self-esteem were not maintained simuhaneously, high general self-esteem individuals chose interaction partners on the basis of the need for self-consistency while low general self-esteem individuals did it on the basis of the need for belonging.