社会发展过程中城市老年人心理适应的柏林智慧范式研究

The Psychological Adaptation of the City Elderly in the Process of Society Development:a Berlin Wisdom Paradigm Research

基于智慧显义理论,对社会发展过程中我国城市老年人的心理适应进行柏林智慧范式研究。在对上海市社区老年人(n=247)进行社会发展相关典型现实生活问题的随机抽样调查的基础上,遴选三种问题情境,通过结构性晤谈采集老年人(n=65)应对这些问题的认知-行为反应,对晤谈记录进行五个维度的评价,并且考察评价结果与生活满意度的关系。研究结果表明,受访老年人中多数表现出中度的心理适应水平,心理适应较好者具有较高的生活满意度。本研究采用的测评方式具有符合心理测量学要求的信度和效度。本研究对于生活在现代社会的城市老年人的成功老龄化心理适应辅导工作具有重要的指导意义,也有助于进一步开展成功老龄化的跨文化研究。

Based on the explicit theory of wisdom, the Berlin Wisdom Paradigm was adopted to investigate the psychological adaptation of Chinese city elderly people in the process of society development. According to the random-sampled surveys preliminarily conducted to the community elderly （n= 247） on the typical practical life problems related to the development of society, three types of problems were selected and presented to the elderly subjects （n= 65） in the structural interviews to collect their cognitive-behavioral coping responses. The interview protocols were analyzed and assessed in five dimensions, namely, factual knowledge, procedural knowledge, life-span eontextualism, value-relatlvlsm, knowledge about relatlve uncertainty. The results showed that the assessment had good psychometrical reliability and validity, and many subjects showed a moderate level of adaptation. It was also showed that the level of psychological adaptation positively correlated with life satisfaction. The current study is of great significance to the successful aging counseling to the city elderly in modern society, and to further cross-cultural studies of successful aging.