我国特有植物七子花叶表面和花粉的扫描电镜观察

A study on the leaf epidermis and the pollen morphology of Heptacodium miconioides

应用扫描电镜技术对七子花叶表面和花粉的形态与微观结构进行了观察,并探讨了与其他一些忍冬科植物的异同.结果表明,七子花叶表皮粗糙,细胞不规则,排列紧密;上下表皮均被有单细胞非腺毛;气孔仅见于下表皮,为平列型,气孔下陷,副卫细胞相对于保卫细胞突出;表皮毛和气孔器在叶面上分布不规则;花粉近球形,具有3孔沟,沟稍长于孔,外壁纹饰小刺状.七子花与忍冬科其他一些植物的叶表面和花粉有许多共同特征,表现在叶表皮细胞形状,气孔的形状、类型和分布,花粉大小和外壁纹饰等方面.但七子花也有其独特的细微构造,尤其在表皮蜡质层的有无、非腺毛和气孔的形态结构与着生位置、花粉形状和孔沟数量等方面.

The micro-morphological characteristics of the leaf epidermis and pollen morphology of Heptacodium miconioides were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the surface of H. mico-nioides leaf epidermis was scabrous, and the cell was irregular and closely ranged. The unicellular non-glandular trichome was distributed in the upper and lower epidermis. The stomata whose apparatuses was paracytic type were stricted to lower epidermis, and its sabsidiary cell were more protruding than gurar-cell caved in the mesophyll. The distribution of trichome and stomata in the leaf was not even. The pollen of H. miconioides was subspheric, 3-colporate. The surface of the outerwall was scabrous. There was wartor plate protrusion on the side face. There were many similar characteristics between H. miconioides and some other plants in Caprifoliaceae on the leaf epidermis and pollen, such as the shape of eplcermal cell, the shape and distribution of stoma. However, some characteristics were different, such as the distribution of nonglandular hair, the sturcutre of stoma, the size of pollen, the ornamentation of the exine, the shape of pollen and the number of colpus. It provided a new reference to discriminate the systematic station on plants of Caprifoliaceae.