黄河中游水土保持措施减沙量宏观分析

Macro Analysis on Sediment Reduction through Soil and Water Conservation Measures Conducted in the Middle Yellow River

对黄河中游水土保持措施减沙量进行了宏观分析，研究结果分为黄河中游水土保持措施减沙量、水利措施减沙昔、水利水土保持措施减沙量、“水保法”计算的水土保持综合减沙超和黄土高原水土保持措施减沙量等5个层次：结果表明，1970～1996年：①黄河中游水土保持措施年均减沙3．2亿t，黄河中游水利水土保持措施年均减沙4．5亿t，“水保法”计算的黄河中游水土保持年均综合减沙量为4．2亿t，黄土高原水土保持措施年均减沙3．5亿t，黄土高原水利水土保持措施年均减沙4．8亿t；②若扣除1970年以前的减沙量，则黄河中游水土保持措施年均新增减沙量2．1亿t，黄河中游水利水土保持措施年均新增减沙量2．6亿t，黄土高原水土保持措施年均新增减沙量1．7亿t，黄土高原水利水土保持措施年均新增减沙量2．2亿t.

The paper conducts macro analysis on sediment reduction through soil and water conservation measures in the middle Yellow River. The study outcome is fallen into 5 components of sediment reduction through soil and water conservation measures of the middle Yellow River, sediment reduction through hydraulic measures, sediment reduction through soil and water conservation and hydraulic measures, integrated sediment reduction calculated by 'Soil and Water Conservation Law' and sediment reduction through soil and water conservation measures of the Loess Plateau. The outcomes show that in the period of 1970 ~ 1996, a) the annual average sediment reduction through soil and water conservation measures of the middle Yellow River is 320 million tons, through soil and water conservation and hydraulic measures of the middle river 450 million tons, the integrated sediment reduction calculated by 'Soil and Water Conservation Law' of the middle river 420 million tons, through soil and water conservation measures of the Loess Plateau 350 million tons and through hydraulic and soil and water conservation measures of the Loess Plateau 480 million tons; b) if it deducts the sediment reduction achieved before 1970, then the increased sediment reduction of new annual average through soil and water conservation measures of the middle Yellow River is 210 million tons, through soil and water conservation and hydraulic measures of the middle river 260 million tons, through soil and water conservation measures of the Loess Plateau 170 million tons and through hydraulic and soil and water conservation measures of the Loess Plateau 220 million tons.