浙江水稻生产的现状与对策

Status and Countermeasures of Rice Production in Zhejiang Province

分析了近年来浙江水稻生产的现状及存在问题。水稻种植结构发生变化,双季连作稻占种植面积的比例从90年代初的86.0%到2004年下降到34.1%;水稻种植面积和总产分别从80年代平均242.4万hm2和1340.0万t,到2004年下降到102.8万hm2和686.9万t;水稻单产增长辐度下降,单产年均增长率由60年代的5.3%,到2001年以后仅为0.3%。水稻现实单产、品种单产和良种良法配套单产的存在较大差异;生产上主导品种不突出,良种良法不配套,技术的集成度不高和互补性不强等问题制约了水稻产量提高和水稻生产可持续发展,并提出了提高水稻产量的对策。

Status and existing, problems in dee production in Zhejiang in recent decades were analyzed.Rice cropping systems greatly changed with the decrease of double rice cropping area from 86.0% in the early time of 90＇s to 34.1% in 2004. Rice Planting area and production decreased from 2424 thousand and 13400 thousand ton in 80s to 1028 thousand and 6869thousand ton in 2004.Yield growth rate was becoming slow with the decreasing from 5.3% in 60s to 0.3% after 2001.There were the great yield gap among farmer＇ yield, variety yield potential and demonstration yield under agronomy with new variety.Main problems in rice production is too many varieties, no package of new variety and new cultivation technique, no harmonic of key technique in rice cultivation technology. That limited the increase of rice yield and the development of sustainable rice production. Countermeasure to raise the rice yield are discussed.