农村HIV感染者和AIDS患者应对方式、社会支持及心理健康状况调查分析

Investigation of Coping Style,Social Support and Psychological Status of HIV Infected Persons and AIDS Patients in Rural Area

目的了解农村HIV感染者和AIDS患者的应对方式、社会支持、心理健康状况及其相关性。方法采用医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)、领悟社会支持问卷(PSSS)及症状自评量表(SCL-90)对94例农村HIV感染者和AIDS患者进行调查分析。结果MCMQ中面对得分最高(21.70±3.82),回避次之(17.19±3.49),屈服最低(10.36±3.25);PSSS总分为62.50±12.79,呈较高水平;除敌对因子外,SCL-90总分及各因子得分均超过阳性病例筛选分界线;53.3%(52/94)有心理障碍,89.4%(84/94)有轻度心理问题。屈服、回避与心理健康状况呈显著正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01),面对和社会支持与心理健康状况无显著相关性(均P>0.05)。结论农村HIV感染者和AIDS患者采取的主要应对方式为面对,并拥有较好的领悟社会支持,但心理健康水平低下;应予进一步的心理支持,提高其心理健康水平。

Objective To explore coping style, social support, psychological status and their correlation of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients in rural area. Methods Ninety four rural HIV infected persons and AIDS patients were investigated with Medical Coping Modes Questionnaires （MCMQ）, Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS） and Symptom Check List 90 （SCL-90）. Results In MCMQ, confrontation gained the highest score （21.70 ±3.82）, followed hy avoi dance （17.19±3.49）, and acceptance resignation （10.36±3.25） The total score of PSSS was in a higher level at 62.50±12.79; Except anger hostility, the total score and the other subscales＇ scores of the SCL-90 were overtopped the dividing score for positive cases screening. 53.3%（52/94）were suffered from psychological disorder, while 89.4 （84/94）had the mild psychological problems. Both coping styles of acceptanctance-resignation and avoidance were signifi cantly positively correlated with the psychological status of the subjects （P〈0. 05, P〈0. 01 ）, but the coping style confrontation and social support revealed no significant correlations with the psychological status of the subjects （P〉 0.05）. Conclusion The mainly used coping style by rural H1V infected persons and AIDS patients was confrontation moderately high perceived social supports were identified as well, but the psychological status was lower. The further psychological supports should be considered for promoting their psychological health.