不同气质类型患者术前的心理分析与干预

Psychoanalysis and Psychological Intervention for Preoperative Patients of Different Temperament Types

目的观察不同气质类型的患者术前心理状态及有效的心理干预。方法将160例术前患者随机分成实验组和对照组各80例,实验组由护士进行有针对性的分类心理护理,对照组进行一般的心理护理。结果两组患者的气质类型无显著差异,两组患者在心理护理前血压、心率及心理测评得分均无显著差异;实验组患者在术中的血压、心率平稳,术后并发症的发病率明显低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论术前根据患者的气质类型,采取有针对性的心理干预,有利于手术的顺利进行,减少术后并发症。

Objective To observe the mental status and effective psychological interventions for preoperative patients of different temperament types. Methods A hundred and sixty preoperative patients were randomly divided into the experimental group（ n = 80） and the control group （ n = 80）. The experimental group got appropriate psychological nursing interventions according to the different temperament types, while the control group only got general psychological nursing interventions. Results There were no significant differences between the temperament types of the two groups. The blood pressure, heart rate and psycho evaluation scores were not significantly different between the two groups before psychological intervention. The blood pressure and heart rate in the experimental group were steady. The incidence of some postoperative complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Psychological interventions according to the different temperament types of patients is beneficial to complete the operation and to decrease the incidence of postoperative complications.