历史音系学的新视野

New Horizon in Historical Phonology

相关学科的进展给汉语历史音系学带来了新前景。这些学科包括雅各布森提倡的类型学,拉波夫开创的社会语言学,奥哈拉提倡的实验音系学,陆志韦开创的音韵材料的数学处理,以及接触语言学和迪克森提出的聚变裂变理论。这些方法引入汉语历史音系学后做出了许多新发现,如元音大转移及其原因,古上声的发声特征,古无轻唇音的类型学证明,动态语言学的数学模型,等等。

This paper demonstrates new horizons in the field of historical linguistics, brought about by new development in relevant research fields. These fields include typological approach suggested by Jakobson, sociolinguistics founded by Labov, experimental phonology advocated by Ohala, and mathematical approaches first attempted by Lu Zhiwei, and also a new theory about sound change, the equilibrium-punctuation model, proposed by Dixon. These new approaches, when introduced into Chinese historical linguistics, have triggered a series of new findings such as the great vowel shift in Chinese and its causes, the phonation characteristics of ancient Shangsbeng（上声）, a typological justification of the theory of＇no labiodentals exited in Old Chinese＇, a mathematical model of dynamic linguistics, etc.