从《字学元元》俗音看明末郴州方音韵母声调特点

The Final and Tone Traits of Chenzhou(郴州)Dialects in the Last Years of Ming(明)Dynasty in Zixue Yuanyuan(字学元元)

《字学元元》音系中,正音的韵母既承自韵书传统的书面旧音,又结合当时实际语音,声调完全袭用中古平上去入四声。俗音的韵母声调系统,则反映了明末郴州方音特点。把这个俗音系统与今郴州话相比大同小异,证明明代的郴州方音已是官话音系,且具有西南官话的基本特点。

In the phonology of Zixue Yuanyuan（字学元元）, the final of the standard sound is a written form system, namely, common phonology of that time. The tone is the phonological system of the keeping ping （平） shang （上） qu （去） ru （入） of ancient Chinese. For the final and tone of dialectal sound, it reflects the dialectal phonological system of Chenzhou in the last years of Ming（明） Dynasty. The dialectal sound is largely identical but with minor differences with present phonology of Chenzhou（郴州）, which proves the dialectal phonology of Chenzhou（郴州） in the Ming（明） Dynasty has become the Mandarin dialects and has traits of West and South Mandarin dialects.