生态施肥技术对桔园土壤生态环境和柑桔产量及品质的影响

Effect of New Ecological-fertilization Techniques on Soil Ecological Environment and Citrus Yield and Quality

根据柑桔树体对土壤生态环境和营养元素的季节性需求变化特点，综合考虑各营养元素间的平衡、有机养分与无机养分之间的协调、土壤生物和土壤物理性状的改善，提出不同因子组合处理，进行了3年定位试验。结果表明：新型生态施肥技术，对桔园土壤生态环境和柑桔产量、品质有明显的效果，有效地提高了土壤有机质、全N、P、K和速效N、P、K含量，以速效P增幅最大，三年增26.92％～40．0％；除能提高所施用微量元素含量水平外，还提高土壤有效态Fe、Cu含量水平；土壤容重三年降低了0．04g cm^-3～0．10g cm^-3，总孔隙度增加10．4％～16．8％，通气孔隙增加19．9％～30．1％，全容水量增加7．0％～12．1％；有效地改善了柑桔的品质，增加了果实的单果重、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量以及Vc含量。

A three - year experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of new ecological - fertilization techniques on soil ecological environment and citrus yield and quality. The results showed that the new ecological - fertilization techniques had an obvious influence on improving soil ecological environment, and citrus quality and yield. The contents of soil total N,P and K and available N, P and K increased and in particular, the content of soil available P increased from 26.92 to 40.0%. In addition, the total porosity, aeration porosity and water - holding capacity increased by 10.4% - 16.8%, 19.9% - 30.1% and 7.0% - 12.1% respectively, but soil bulk density decreased by 0.04 - 0. 10g/cm^3. The new techniques could also improve the quality and weight of fruits, and the content of soluble solid, soluble sugar and Vc greatly.