淋巴细胞自噬性凋亡的超微结构细胞化学研究

Ultrastructural and cytochemical study of autophagic apoptosis of therat lymphocytes

本实验用透射电镜和细胞化学染色法观察放线菌酮处理和γ射线照射大鼠胸腺、脾脏和肠系膜淋巴结的超微结构。结果显示，放线菌酮注射后４ｈ，或γ射线照的２ｈ后引起大鼠胸腺、脾脏及肠系膜淋巴结中的淋巴细胞凋亡。凋亡淋巴细胞发生一系列的形态学变化，其胞核染色质凝集、重排，使核呈不同的形状；凋亡淋巴细胞的线粒体、内质网、溶酶体等细胞器大量增殖，我们称之为细胞反跳现象；大部分凋亡淋巴细胞凋亡时呈现典型的自噬性凋亡特征，即内质网大量增殖、分割、包裹凋亡淋巴细胞内变性的细胞成分形成大量自噬体，自噬体和溶酶体融合成为自噬佐调亡小体，和非自噬性凋亡形成的凋亡小体一起，由巨噬细胞消化分解。

Using transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical staining the lymphocytes in the thy-mus, spleen ,and mesenteric lymph nodes of rats treated with cycloheximide or irradiated with γ-ray werestudied.The results showed that 4 hours after cycloheximide injection or 2 hours after γ-ray irradiation,thelymphocytes underwent autophagic or nonautophagic apoptosis , and a series of morphologic changes oc-cured:the nuclei of the apoptotic cells displayed different appearances :in the apoptotic lymphocytes cell re-bound took place: the mitochondria,endoplasmic reticula and lysosomes of the apoptotic cells proliferated,and took part in the apoptotic process actively, Most of the apoptotic lymphocytes manifested the charac-teristics of autophagic apoptosis. Their endoplasmic reticula multiplicated , separated and wrapped the al-tered elements in the apoptotic lymphocytes to form autophagosomes,which fused with the lysosomes andbecame autophagic apoptotic bodies. Both the autophagic and nonautophagic apoptotic bodies were elimi-nated by the macrophages.